Is this something to worry about in your garden?


Hi friend,

Galls! What are they? Should you be concerned if you see something like this on your plants?

A gall is an abnormal growth on exterior plant tissue (leaves, branches, flowers, etc.). They may look like tumors, warts, balls, or lumps, and vary widely in shape, size, color, etc.

They’re complex and highly organized structures, and science still has a lot to learn about them.

Most galls are caused by insects and other invertebrates like wasps, midges, aphids, mites, etc. either feeding on the plant or laying eggs in the plant.

Many have larvae inside of them that are getting their nutrition from the plant before emerging as adults.

Some are caused by fungi, bacteria, or nematodes. It can be difficult to tell exactly what caused a gall without seeing the insects firsthand, and insect galls vs. microbe galls are hard to differentiate.

The good news? Galls are generally benign, and your plant will be okay!

They’re feeding the insects that the plant hosts and helping them reproduce.

That’s exactly what we want to happen in an eco-garden.

It’s a natural process that mainly affects aesthetics, and it’s not something to worry about.

Remember, if nothing is eating your plants, then your garden isn’t a part of an ecosystem!

Many species of plants are susceptible to galls, like the wild grape shown in the images above. They can affect herbaceous plants and woody plants like trees.

Oaks are especially susceptible because of how many different insect species they host.

Galls might look scary or concerning, but they’re not! So don’t panic if you see this in your garden. It’s just nature doing her thing.

Need some help with your garden?

Check out the Natural Gardener Workbook Bundle!


Tory is an ecologist and landscape consultant.
He helps North American gardeners transition from using outdated and harmful but status-quo techniques to using their yards to improve the health of our planet.

Along with being a gardener for over 10 years, Tory has a Master of Science degree in Sustainable Design and is certified in Regenerative Soil Science.​

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Native Yardening

Ecologist helping North American growers use their yards to help fight the climate crisis 🌻

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